delay-analysis

Analyze construction schedule delays for project recovery and claims. Perform time impact analysis (TIA), identify concurrent delays, calculate delay damages, and prepare documentation for dispute resolution.

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Install skill "delay-analysis" with this command: npx skills add datadrivenconstruction/ddc_skills_for_ai_agents_in_construction/datadrivenconstruction-ddc-skills-for-ai-agents-in-construction-delay-analysis

Delay Analysis

Overview

Analyze construction schedule delays for project recovery and claims. Perform time impact analysis (TIA), identify concurrent delays, calculate delay damages, and prepare documentation for dispute resolution.

"Proper delay analysis is essential for fair resolution of construction disputes" — DDC Community

Delay Analysis Methods

┌─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┐ │ DELAY ANALYSIS METHODS │ ├─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┤ │ │ │ As-Planned vs As-Built │ Time Impact Analysis (TIA) │ │ ───────────────────── │ ──────────────────────────── │ │ Compare original to │ Insert delay events into │ │ actual schedule │ schedule to measure impact │ │ │ │ │ Windows Analysis │ Collapsed As-Built │ │ ──────────────── │ ───────────────── │ │ Divide project into │ Remove delays from as-built │ │ time periods │ to find "but-for" completion │ │ │ └─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┘

Technical Implementation

from dataclasses import dataclass, field from typing import List, Dict, Optional, Tuple from datetime import datetime, timedelta from enum import Enum from collections import defaultdict

class DelayType(Enum): EXCUSABLE_COMPENSABLE = "excusable_compensable" # Owner caused - time + money EXCUSABLE_NON_COMPENSABLE = "excusable_non_compensable" # Neither party - time only NON_EXCUSABLE = "non_excusable" # Contractor caused - no relief CONCURRENT = "concurrent" # Both parties - complex

class DelayCause(Enum): OWNER_CHANGE = "owner_change" LATE_INFORMATION = "late_information" DIFFERING_CONDITIONS = "differing_conditions" PERMIT_DELAY = "permit_delay" WEATHER = "weather" LABOR_SHORTAGE = "labor_shortage" MATERIAL_DELAY = "material_delay" SUBCONTRACTOR = "subcontractor" COORDINATION = "coordination" ACCESS = "access" FORCE_MAJEURE = "force_majeure"

@dataclass class DelayEvent: id: str description: str cause: DelayCause delay_type: DelayType start_date: datetime end_date: datetime affected_activities: List[str] responsible_party: str documented: bool = True supporting_docs: List[str] = field(default_factory=list) calculated_impact: int = 0 # days concurrent_with: List[str] = field(default_factory=list)

@dataclass class ScheduleVersion: version_id: str version_type: str # baseline, update, as-built data_date: datetime completion_date: datetime activities: Dict[str, Dict] # activity_id -> {start, finish, duration}

@dataclass class WindowPeriod: window_id: str start_date: datetime end_date: datetime planned_progress: float actual_progress: float delay_days: int delay_events: List[str] responsible_parties: Dict[str, int] # party -> delay days

@dataclass class DelayAnalysisReport: project_name: str analysis_date: datetime original_completion: datetime actual_completion: datetime total_delay: int excusable_delay: int non_excusable_delay: int concurrent_delay: int delay_events: List[DelayEvent] delay_by_cause: Dict[str, int] delay_by_party: Dict[str, int] recommended_extension: int potential_damages: float

class DelayAnalyzer: """Analyze construction schedule delays."""

# Daily delay costs by project size
DEFAULT_DAILY_COSTS = {
    "small": 5000,      # < $10M
    "medium": 15000,    # $10M - $50M
    "large": 40000,     # $50M - $200M
    "mega": 100000      # > $200M
}

def __init__(self, project_name: str, contract_completion: datetime):
    self.project_name = project_name
    self.contract_completion = contract_completion
    self.delay_events: Dict[str, DelayEvent] = {}
    self.schedule_versions: Dict[str, ScheduleVersion] = {}
    self.window_periods: List[WindowPeriod] = []
    self.daily_cost = self.DEFAULT_DAILY_COSTS["medium"]

def set_daily_delay_cost(self, cost: float):
    """Set daily delay cost for damages calculation."""
    self.daily_cost = cost

def add_schedule_version(self, version_id: str, version_type: str,
                        data_date: datetime, completion_date: datetime,
                        activities: Dict[str, Dict]) -> ScheduleVersion:
    """Add schedule version for analysis."""
    version = ScheduleVersion(
        version_id=version_id,
        version_type=version_type,
        data_date=data_date,
        completion_date=completion_date,
        activities=activities
    )
    self.schedule_versions[version_id] = version
    return version

def add_delay_event(self, id: str, description: str,
                   cause: DelayCause, delay_type: DelayType,
                   start_date: datetime, end_date: datetime,
                   affected_activities: List[str],
                   responsible_party: str,
                   supporting_docs: List[str] = None) -> DelayEvent:
    """Add delay event for analysis."""
    event = DelayEvent(
        id=id,
        description=description,
        cause=cause,
        delay_type=delay_type,
        start_date=start_date,
        end_date=end_date,
        affected_activities=affected_activities,
        responsible_party=responsible_party,
        supporting_docs=supporting_docs or []
    )
    self.delay_events[id] = event
    return event

def perform_as_planned_vs_as_built(self) -> Dict:
    """Perform As-Planned vs As-Built analysis."""
    baseline = self.schedule_versions.get("baseline")
    as_built = self.schedule_versions.get("as_built")

    if not baseline or not as_built:
        raise ValueError("Need baseline and as-built schedules")

    total_delay = (as_built.completion_date - baseline.completion_date).days

    # Analyze each activity
    activity_delays = []
    for act_id, baseline_act in baseline.activities.items():
        if act_id in as_built.activities:
            as_built_act = as_built.activities[act_id]

            baseline_finish = baseline_act['finish']
            actual_finish = as_built_act['finish']

            if isinstance(baseline_finish, str):
                baseline_finish = datetime.fromisoformat(baseline_finish)
            if isinstance(actual_finish, str):
                actual_finish = datetime.fromisoformat(actual_finish)

            delay = (actual_finish - baseline_finish).days

            if delay > 0:
                activity_delays.append({
                    'activity_id': act_id,
                    'planned_finish': baseline_finish,
                    'actual_finish': actual_finish,
                    'delay_days': delay
                })

    return {
        'method': 'As-Planned vs As-Built',
        'baseline_completion': baseline.completion_date,
        'actual_completion': as_built.completion_date,
        'total_delay': total_delay,
        'activity_delays': sorted(activity_delays, key=lambda x: -x['delay_days'])
    }

def perform_time_impact_analysis(self, delay_event_id: str) -> Dict:
    """Perform Time Impact Analysis for specific delay event."""
    if delay_event_id not in self.delay_events:
        raise ValueError(f"Delay event {delay_event_id} not found")

    event = self.delay_events[delay_event_id]

    # Find schedule version just before delay
    pre_delay_schedule = None
    for version in sorted(self.schedule_versions.values(),
                        key=lambda v: v.data_date, reverse=True):
        if version.data_date < event.start_date:
            pre_delay_schedule = version
            break

    if not pre_delay_schedule:
        pre_delay_schedule = self.schedule_versions.get("baseline")

    if not pre_delay_schedule:
        raise ValueError("No pre-delay schedule found")

    # Calculate impact
    original_completion = pre_delay_schedule.completion_date
    delay_duration = (event.end_date - event.start_date).days

    # Check if delay is on critical path
    critical_impact = False
    for act_id in event.affected_activities:
        if act_id in pre_delay_schedule.activities:
            act = pre_delay_schedule.activities[act_id]
            if act.get('is_critical', False):
                critical_impact = True
                break

    if critical_impact:
        impact_days = delay_duration
        new_completion = original_completion + timedelta(days=delay_duration)
    else:
        # Need to check float
        impact_days = max(0, delay_duration - 5)  # Simplified - assume 5 days float
        new_completion = original_completion + timedelta(days=impact_days)

    event.calculated_impact = impact_days

    return {
        'method': 'Time Impact Analysis',
        'delay_event': event.id,
        'delay_description': event.description,
        'delay_duration': delay_duration,
        'critical_path_impact': critical_impact,
        'schedule_impact_days': impact_days,
        'original_completion': original_completion,
        'impacted_completion': new_completion,
        'delay_type': event.delay_type.value,
        'responsible_party': event.responsible_party
    }

def identify_concurrent_delays(self) -> List[Tuple[str, str, int]]:
    """Identify concurrent delay events."""
    concurrent = []

    events = list(self.delay_events.values())
    for i, event1 in enumerate(events):
        for event2 in events[i+1:]:
            # Check for overlap
            overlap_start = max(event1.start_date, event2.start_date)
            overlap_end = min(event1.end_date, event2.end_date)

            if overlap_start < overlap_end:
                overlap_days = (overlap_end - overlap_start).days
                concurrent.append((event1.id, event2.id, overlap_days))

                event1.concurrent_with.append(event2.id)
                event2.concurrent_with.append(event1.id)

    return concurrent

def perform_windows_analysis(self, window_days: int = 30) -> List[WindowPeriod]:
    """Perform windows analysis by dividing project into periods."""
    baseline = self.schedule_versions.get("baseline")
    as_built = self.schedule_versions.get("as_built")

    if not baseline or not as_built:
        raise ValueError("Need baseline and as-built schedules")

    windows = []
    current_start = baseline.data_date
    window_num = 1

    while current_start < as_built.completion_date:
        window_end = min(
            current_start + timedelta(days=window_days),
            as_built.completion_date
        )

        # Find delay events in this window
        window_events = [
            e.id for e in self.delay_events.values()
            if e.start_date < window_end and e.end_date > current_start
        ]

        # Calculate delay by party
        party_delays = defaultdict(int)
        for event_id in window_events:
            event = self.delay_events[event_id]
            overlap_start = max(event.start_date, current_start)
            overlap_end = min(event.end_date, window_end)
            days = (overlap_end - overlap_start).days
            party_delays[event.responsible_party] += days

        window = WindowPeriod(
            window_id=f"W{window_num:02d}",
            start_date=current_start,
            end_date=window_end,
            planned_progress=0.0,  # Would calculate from schedule
            actual_progress=0.0,
            delay_days=sum(party_delays.values()),
            delay_events=window_events,
            responsible_parties=dict(party_delays)
        )
        windows.append(window)

        current_start = window_end
        window_num += 1

    self.window_periods = windows
    return windows

def calculate_delay_damages(self) -> Dict:
    """Calculate potential delay damages."""
    # Summarize delays by type
    excusable_compensable = 0
    excusable_non_compensable = 0
    non_excusable = 0

    for event in self.delay_events.values():
        impact = event.calculated_impact or (event.end_date - event.start_date).days

        # Adjust for concurrency
        if event.concurrent_with:
            impact = impact // 2  # Simplified concurrency handling

        if event.delay_type == DelayType.EXCUSABLE_COMPENSABLE:
            excusable_compensable += impact
        elif event.delay_type == DelayType.EXCUSABLE_NON_COMPENSABLE:
            excusable_non_compensable += impact
        elif event.delay_type == DelayType.NON_EXCUSABLE:
            non_excusable += impact

    # Calculate damages
    contractor_damages = excusable_compensable * self.daily_cost
    owner_ld = non_excusable * self.daily_cost

    return {
        'excusable_compensable_days': excusable_compensable,
        'excusable_non_compensable_days': excusable_non_compensable,
        'non_excusable_days': non_excusable,
        'recommended_time_extension': excusable_compensable + excusable_non_compensable,
        'contractor_delay_damages': contractor_damages,
        'owner_liquidated_damages': owner_ld,
        'daily_rate_used': self.daily_cost
    }

def generate_analysis_report(self, actual_completion: datetime) -> DelayAnalysisReport:
    """Generate comprehensive delay analysis report."""
    total_delay = (actual_completion - self.contract_completion).days

    # Categorize delays
    delay_by_cause = defaultdict(int)
    delay_by_party = defaultdict(int)
    excusable = 0
    non_excusable = 0
    concurrent = 0

    for event in self.delay_events.values():
        impact = event.calculated_impact or (event.end_date - event.start_date).days

        delay_by_cause[event.cause.value] += impact
        delay_by_party[event.responsible_party] += impact

        if event.concurrent_with:
            concurrent += impact // 2
        elif event.delay_type in [DelayType.EXCUSABLE_COMPENSABLE,
                                  DelayType.EXCUSABLE_NON_COMPENSABLE]:
            excusable += impact
        else:
            non_excusable += impact

    damages = self.calculate_delay_damages()

    return DelayAnalysisReport(
        project_name=self.project_name,
        analysis_date=datetime.now(),
        original_completion=self.contract_completion,
        actual_completion=actual_completion,
        total_delay=total_delay,
        excusable_delay=excusable,
        non_excusable_delay=non_excusable,
        concurrent_delay=concurrent,
        delay_events=list(self.delay_events.values()),
        delay_by_cause=dict(delay_by_cause),
        delay_by_party=dict(delay_by_party),
        recommended_extension=damages['recommended_time_extension'],
        potential_damages=damages['contractor_delay_damages']
    )

def generate_report_markdown(self, report: DelayAnalysisReport) -> str:
    """Generate markdown report."""
    lines = [
        "# Delay Analysis Report",
        "",
        f"**Project:** {report.project_name}",
        f"**Analysis Date:** {report.analysis_date.strftime('%Y-%m-%d')}",
        "",
        "## Schedule Summary",
        "",
        f"| Milestone | Date |",
        f"|-----------|------|",
        f"| Contract Completion | {report.original_completion.strftime('%Y-%m-%d')} |",
        f"| Actual Completion | {report.actual_completion.strftime('%Y-%m-%d')} |",
        f"| **Total Delay** | **{report.total_delay} days** |",
        "",
        "## Delay Classification",
        "",
        f"| Category | Days |",
        f"|----------|------|",
        f"| Excusable Delay | {report.excusable_delay} |",
        f"| Non-Excusable Delay | {report.non_excusable_delay} |",
        f"| Concurrent Delay | {report.concurrent_delay} |",
        "",
        "## Delay by Cause",
        ""
    ]

    for cause, days in sorted(report.delay_by_cause.items(), key=lambda x: -x[1]):
        lines.append(f"- **{cause}**: {days} days")

    lines.extend([
        "",
        "## Delay by Responsible Party",
        ""
    ])

    for party, days in sorted(report.delay_by_party.items(), key=lambda x: -x[1]):
        lines.append(f"- **{party}**: {days} days")

    lines.extend([
        "",
        "## Recommendations",
        "",
        f"- **Recommended Time Extension:** {report.recommended_extension} days",
        f"- **Potential Delay Damages:** ${report.potential_damages:,.0f}",
        ""
    ])

    return "\n".join(lines)

Quick Start

from datetime import datetime, timedelta

Initialize analyzer

analyzer = DelayAnalyzer( "Office Tower", contract_completion=datetime(2024, 12, 31) )

Add schedule versions

analyzer.add_schedule_version( "baseline", "baseline", datetime(2024, 1, 1), datetime(2024, 12, 31), activities={"A100": {"finish": datetime(2024, 6, 30), "is_critical": True}} )

analyzer.add_schedule_version( "as_built", "as_built", datetime(2025, 3, 15), datetime(2025, 3, 15), activities={"A100": {"finish": datetime(2024, 8, 15)}} )

Add delay events

analyzer.add_delay_event( "D001", "Owner-directed design change to HVAC system", DelayCause.OWNER_CHANGE, DelayType.EXCUSABLE_COMPENSABLE, datetime(2024, 4, 1), datetime(2024, 5, 15), ["A100", "A101"], "Owner" )

analyzer.add_delay_event( "D002", "Unexpected rock encountered in excavation", DelayCause.DIFFERING_CONDITIONS, DelayType.EXCUSABLE_COMPENSABLE, datetime(2024, 3, 15), datetime(2024, 4, 30), ["A050"], "Owner" )

Perform analyses

tia = analyzer.perform_time_impact_analysis("D001") print(f"TIA Impact: {tia['schedule_impact_days']} days")

concurrent = analyzer.identify_concurrent_delays() print(f"Concurrent delays found: {len(concurrent)}")

Generate report

report = analyzer.generate_analysis_report(datetime(2025, 3, 15)) print(analyzer.generate_report_markdown(report))

Requirements

pip install (no external dependencies)

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